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Universal Service Obligations - Lecture Notes

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Part 1. Introduction to Universal Service Obligations (USOs)

1.1	Aim of this module
1.2	What this module contains
1.3	How to study the module

Part 2. Basic Definitions and Principles

2.1	Definition and scope of universal service
2.2	Universal service and universal access
2.3	What is the rationale for the USO?
-	Further reading

Part 3. Approaches to Universal Service

3.1	Approaches to universal service in different countries
3.2	Hong Kong’s approach to universal service
-	Further reading

Part 4. Costing Universal Service

4.1	Calculating the cost of USOs
4.2	Costing in Hong Kong
4.3	The ‘net’ cost of universal service
-	Further reading

Part 5. Funding

5.1	Funding principles
5.2	Universal service funds
5.3	Funding in practice: Hong Kong’s approach
-	Further reading

Part 6. Reviewing the Scope of Universal Access

6.1	The ‘digital divide’
6.2	Some skeptical views of the need for government action
6.3	What should be the procedure used for redefining the scope of universal service?
6.4	A systematic decision-making procedure
6.5	Should the Internet/broadband part of Universal Service?
-	Further reading

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